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戰前背景

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二十世紀上半葉的香港，不只是一座殖民地港口，也是一個連接華南、東南亞與世界航道的重要節點。抗日戰爭全面爆發後，香港因其特殊地位，成為物資流通、新聞出版、難民暫避與愛國救亡活動的重要空間。許多內地文化人、報人、學生與民主人士曾在此停留，繼續宣傳抗戰、支援祖國。與此同時，日軍自佔領廣州後，已逐步控制華南交通線，香港也被推向戰爭前線。從軍事角度看，香港面積雖小，卻扼守南中國海航道，靠近廣東沿岸，既可作為日軍南進東南亞的踏腳石，也可成為其海空運輸和情報控制的據點。英方雖在新界、九龍和香港島設有防線，但兵力、空軍、海軍支援均十分有限。戰雲壓境之時，香港已不再只是遠東商埠，而成為中國抗戰、太平洋戰爭與帝國爭奪交會的一個戰場。

1880

INITIAL GEOLOGICAL PROSPECTING

The deposit has a long standing history. Large scale geological research was carried out since the 1880s.

Being located at a considerable distance from communication routes, the mine was initially exploited irregularly. Its history is linked to the establishment of Soviet rule in Armenia, when mining enterprises, metallurgical plants, and mines were nationalized.

Historical scene from 1880